专利摘要:
The present invention relates to a melt reduction method and a reduction apparatus used therein; The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for fluidized bed reduction by applying a carbon coating on the surface of fine iron ore that has not been possible for fluidized bed reduction using converter exhaust gas, and an apparatus used therein. The present invention for achieving the above object is in the melt reduction method using a melt reduction apparatus comprising a preliminary reduction path for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction path for recovering iron by dissolving pre-reduced reduced iron, fine powder charged from the hopper the pre-heated drying, while forming a fluidized bed by the exhaust gas flowing into the iron ore downward in claim 1 fluidized bed, and by heating the exhaust gas which is generated after pre-heating pre-heat the converter off-gas CO 2 is removed from them, and CO 2 is removed, Carbon coating the surface of the preheated fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed while forming a bubble fluidized bed by introducing the preheated converter exhaust gas under the second fluidized bed, and then supplying the coated fine iron ore to the preliminary reduction and coating Flue gas generated after the reaction is circulated in the first fluidized bed furnace in the melt reduction method of fine iron ore and the apparatus used therefor. And that the in the technical aspect, the present invention can be a fluidized bed reduction of iron ore fines minimal.
公开号:KR19980052522A
申请号:KR1019960071529
申请日:1996-12-24
公开日:1998-09-25
发明作者:김행구;정우창;이일옥;강흥원
申请人:김종진;포항종합제철 주식회사;신창식;재단법인 포항산업과학연구원;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Melt reduction method of fine iron ore using converter flue gas and apparatus used therein
The present invention relates to a melt reduction method and a reduction apparatus used therein, and more particularly, a method of fluidized bed reduction by carbon coating a surface of fine iron ore, which has not been possible by fluidized bed reduction, using a converter exhaust gas and using the same. It is about a device.
Up to now, iron ore fluidized bed reduction has been used in which the particle size is up to about 8 mm, but in the case of fine iron ore, sticking phenomenon occurred during fluidized bed reduction, and thus it was impossible to use.
On the other hand, the conventional ladle gas (ladle gas) has been used as a fuel, such as a boiler or a heating furnace for thermal power generation, but the main exhaust gas is about 65% CO, about 15% CO 2 , less than 2% H 2 . In addition, since the rest is inert N 2 , it is a very good source of CO to remove only CO 2. In recent years, the CO component is purified and separated from the converter exhaust gas for the purpose of improving the secondary value of the converter exhaust gas. Along with H 2 , research on the development of acid processes to synthesize industrial raw materials such as olefins and oxygenated chemicals such as alcohols or acetic acid is in full swing. However, in order to develop these new processes, high-purity CO recovery must be possible, and high selectivity and high activity adsorbents or catalysts are required for this purpose. Therefore, there are many technical and economic problems.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a melt reduction method capable of utilizing 100% of fine iron ore, which has not been conventionally used, by carbon coating the surface of fine iron ore using a converter exhaust gas during the melt reduction of iron ore.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus capable of melt reduction of fine iron ore using converter exhaust gas.
1 is an example of a melt reduction apparatus according to the present invention;
* Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
1 ...... converter exhaust gas supply device 2 ...... exhaust gas preheater
10 ...... Hopper 20 ...... First fluidized bed
30 ...... the second fluidized bed 40 ...... the first cyclone
50 ...... Second cyclone60 ...... Heat exchanger
70 ...... Absorption tower 80 ...... Converter gas pressurizer
90 ...... Gas cooler 100 ..... Bag filter
110 ..... Air compressor 120 ...... Existing melt reduction equipment
130 ..... flare stack
In the present invention for achieving the above object, in the melt reduction method using a melt reduction apparatus comprising a preliminary reduction path for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction path for recovering iron by dissolving pre-reduced reduced iron, fine powder charged from the hopper Drying and preheating iron ore while forming a bubble fluidized bed by exhaust gas flowing downward from the first fluidized bed furnace; Preheating the converter flue gas from which the CO 2 is removed by being supplied from the converter flue gas supply device by heating the flue gas to the first fluidized bed with an flue gas heater; Carbon coating the surface of the dried, preheated fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed while forming a bubble fluidized layer through the preheated exhaust gas from which the CO 2 has been removed; And supplying the coated fine iron ore to the existing preliminary reduction reactor and using the exhaust gas generated after the coating reaction in the second fluidized bed to circulate downwardly to the first fluidized bed. It relates to a melt reduction method of fine iron ore using a converter exhaust gas comprising a.
In addition, the present invention provides a molten reduction apparatus including a preliminary reduction path for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction path for dissolving pre-reduced reduced iron to recover iron. A first fluidized bed furnace for drying and preheating the bubble fluidized bed by forming a bubble flow layer; A first cyclone for collecting particulate iron ore contained in the flue gas generated in the first fluidized bed furnace and recycling it to one side of the first fluidized bed furnace; A second fluidized bed furnace which coats the surface of the fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed in the state of bubble flow by the converter exhaust gas introduced from the lower part thereof and supplies the coated fine iron ore to the existing preliminary reduction reactor; The fine iron ore collected by collecting the fine iron ore contained in the exhaust gas discharged after the coating reaction is recycled to one side of the lower side of the second fluidized bed, and the exhaust gas discharged to the lower side of the first fluidized bed and ; A converter exhaust gas supply device for supplying converter exhaust gas to the lower portion of the second fluidized bed furnace; It relates to a pulverized iron ore melt reduction apparatus using a converter exhaust gas comprising a; pre-heating device for preheating the exhaust gas discharged from the first cyclone.
First, a preferred example of the melt reduction apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The fine iron ore melt reduction apparatus of the present invention is an improvement of the conventional melt reduction facility comprising a preliminary reduction path for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction path for recovering iron by dissolving pre-reduced reduced iron. Prior to the preliminary reduction path of the melt reduction facility, a fine iron ore surface coating apparatus is provided and configured.
That is, the molten reduction apparatus including the fine iron ore surface coating apparatus of the present invention is dried while forming the bubble fluidized layer by the exhaust gas introduced from the lower portion of the fine iron ore supplied from the hopper 10 as shown in FIG. A first fluidized bed furnace 20 for preheating; A first cyclone 40 for collecting the fine iron ore contained in the flue gas generated in the first fluidized bed furnace 20 and recycling it to one lower side of the first fluidized bed furnace 20; The fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed furnace 20 is coated with its surface in a bubble flow state by a converter exhaust gas flowing from the lower portion thereof, and the coated fine iron ore is supplied to an existing preliminary reduction reactor (not shown). A second fluidized bed (30); The fine iron ore collected by collecting the fine iron ore contained in the exhaust gas discharged after the coating reaction is recycled to one side of the lower side of the second fluidized bed 30 and the exhaust gas is supplied to the lower part of the first fluidized bed 20. A second cyclone 50; A converter exhaust gas supply device (1) for supplying converter exhaust gas to the lower portion of the second fluidized bed furnace (30); It is configured to include an exhaust gas preheater (2) for preheating the exhaust gas discharged from the first cyclone (40).
The first fluidized bed 20 is formed with an exhaust gas supply port 21 of a second cyclone 40 at a lower end thereof, and a gas distribution plate 22 is mounted therein, and the first conduit 11 is disposed at one side. The supply port 25 of iron ore flowing from the hopper 10 is installed, and the first outlet 23 at one lower side is connected to the lower one side of the second fluidized bed passage 30 through the fifth conduit 24. The upper one side is connected to the upper one side of the first cyclone 40 through the third conduit 26. In addition, a small amount of gas supply port is provided at the connection portion between the first conduit 11 and the lower side of the first fluidized bed 20 and the connection portion between the fifth conduit 24 and the lower one side of the second fluidized bed 30. (P) is installed to prevent clogging of fine iron ore.
In addition, the lower end portion of the first cyclone 40 is connected to the lower portion of the first fluidized bed passage 20 through the second conduit 41, and a gas outlet 42 is provided at the upper end portion of the first cyclone 40. The outlet 42 is connected to the upper side of the gas cooler 90 of the exhaust gas preheater 2 via the fourth conduit 43.
The second fluidized bed furnace 30 has a converter exhaust gas supply port 31 heated at a lower end thereof, a gas distribution plate 32 is mounted therein, and a discharge port 23 of the first fluidized bed furnace 20 at one lower side thereof. ) And the fifth conduit 24 are connected. Then, the third outlet 33 of the lower side of the other side is connected to the preliminary reduction path of the existing fluidized bed reduction facility 120 which is the next process. In addition, a seventh conduit 35 is connected to an upper side of the second fluidized bed 40 and is connected to an upper side of the second cyclone 50. In addition, the lower end of the second cyclone 50 is connected to the lower portion of the second fluidized bed passage 30 through an eighth conduit 51.
In this case, the first and second fluidized bed passages 20 and 30 are preferably such that the lower height thereof is 7-12 times the lower inner diameter and the upper height is about 2-4 times the upper inner diameter.
That is, the first fluidized bed furnace 20 and the second fluidized bed furnace 30 activate the bubble flow of fine iron ore at the bottom of the furnace to increase the gas utilization rate and to suppress the scattering of the ultrafine iron ore. It is preferable to form the expanded furnace body which can reduce the gas flow rate in the upper part of the furnace by increasing the value of.
The converter exhaust gas supply device 1 includes: a converter exhaust gas pressurizer 80 which pressurizes and sends the converter exhaust gas supplied from the converter; It is configured to include an absorption tower 70 for adsorption and removal of the CO 2 gas in the converter exhaust gas from the converter exhaust gas pressurizer 80 through the twelfth conduit 81.
In addition, the exhaust gas preheater (2), the cooler 90 for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the first cyclone (40); A bag filter 100 for filtering and cooling the cooled exhaust gas and recycling the filtered fine iron ore to the first fluidized bed furnace 20; A burner is mounted therein to burn the clean exhaust gas with air blown from the supply pressurizer 110 to remove CO 2 from the absorption tower 70 to preheat the converter exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30. And a heat exchanger 60 for discharging the exhaust gas after preheating to the flare stack 130.
The lower one side of the gas cooler 90 is connected to the upper side of the bag filter 100 through the thirteenth conduit 91, and the other side of the upper portion of the bag filter 100 is connected to the heat exchanger 60 through the fifteenth conduit 102. ) Is connected to the burner and the lower center is connected to the second conduit 41 through the 14th conduit 101.
The exhaust gas circulated through the fifteenth conduit 102 is combusted by the burner of the heat exchanger 60 together with the air supplied from the sixteenth conduit 111 connected to the air pressurizer 110, wherein the exhaust gas circulates through the preheated exhaust gas. The converter exhaust gas from which the CO 2 gas is desorbed is configured to be preheated in the heat exchanger 60 before being supplied to the lower portion of the second fluidized bed furnace 30.
Hereinafter, a method of melt reducing fine iron fluorescence using the converter exhaust gas in the above-described melt reduction apparatus will be described in detail.
In the present invention, the fine iron ore melt reduction method forms a two-stage fluidized bed, in which the first step is drying and preheating the fine iron ore, and in the second step, carbon coating the surface of the dry and preheated fine iron ore is coated and then coated iron ore Proceeds to melt reduction in a conventional manner.
That is, the present invention includes drying and preheating the fine iron ore charged from the hopper in the melt reduction apparatus while forming a bubble flow layer by exhaust gas flowing downward from the first flow layer 20; Heating the exhaust gas of the first fluidized bed furnace 20 with the exhaust heating device 2 to preheat the converter exhaust gas from which the CO 2 is removed by being supplied from the converter exhaust gas supply device 1 by the heated exhaust gas; The surface of the dried, pre-heated fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed furnace 20 while forming a bubble fluidized bed through the preheated converter exhaust gas from which the CO 2 has been removed is introduced into the bottom of the second fluidized bed furnace 30. Carbon coating; And coated fine iron ore is supplied to the preliminary reduction reactor of the existing molten reduction facility 120, and the exhaust gas generated after the coating reaction in the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is circulated below the first fluidized bed furnace 20 for use. It is configured to include.
Specifically, according to the present invention, the fine iron ore supplied from the hopper 10 to the middle portion of the first fluidized bed 20 is dried / preheated in the bubble flow state by using the exhaust gas of the second cyclone 50, and thus the second fluidized bed. The fine iron ore is pressurized by the converter flue gas pressurizer 80 and CO 2 is removed from the CO 2 absorption tower 70, and carbon deposition of the CO component in the converter flue gas heated in the heat exchanger 60 is supplied. Carbon coating on the surface of the bubble fluidized bed by a carbon deposit reaction is supplied to the fluidized bed reduction facility 120 which is the next process. In the present invention, after the CO 2 in the converter flue gas is removed, the fine iron ore is carbon coated on the surface of the fine iron ore before the fluidized-bed reduction. 100% of the ultrafine iron ore (200㎛ or less) is impossible. This does not require high-purity CO gas, and can reduce the amount of gas emitted by the carbon deposition reaction as described below, and fuel is saved as much as the precipitated carbon is eventually charged into the melting furnace.
2 CO = CO 2 + C
At this time, the ultrafine iron ore secretly enclosed together with the converter exhaust gas supplied to the first fluidized bed 20 is collected by the first cyclone 40 and recycled to the first fluidized bed 20, and the exhaust gas is cooled again. Is cooled and supplied to the bag filter (100), wherein the collected ultrafine particles are circulated back to the first fluidized bed (20) via the 14th conduit (101) and the second conduit (41), and the exhaust gas is the 15th conduit. It is supplied to the burner of the heat exchanger 60 via the 102 and used to preheat the exhaust gas to be combusted with air and to be supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30. The ultrafine iron ore entrained with the exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed 30 is collected by the second cyclone 50 and recycled to the second fluidized bed 30.
In addition, the flow rate of the flue gas introduced from the lower side of the first and second fluidized bed furnaces 20 and 30 is 1.5-3.0 times the minimum fluidization rate of the fine iron ore staying in each fluidized bed furnace, and the flue gas flow rate of the upper part of the fluidized bed furnace is It should be below the end speed of fine iron ore.
In addition, the preheating converter exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is preferably performed at 2-5 atmospheres.
In addition, the converter exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is preferably used to be preheated to a temperature range of 500-700 ℃.
Further, the pressure drop in the first fluidized bed furnace 20 or the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is 0.3-0.6 atm, the temperature drop in the furnace is 30-80 ° C, and the residence time of fine iron ore is 20-40 minutes. It is preferable to.
The melting reduction method of the fine iron ore is suitable for fine iron ore having a grain size of iron ore of about 1 mm or less, and can be recycled to ultrafine particles of about 200 ° C. or less.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail through examples.
EXAMPLE
It has a particle size distribution as shown in Table 1, the composition is by weight, T.Fe: 62.36%, SiO 2 : 5.65%, Al 2 O 3 : 2.91%, S: 0.0007%, P: 0.0065% Was charged into a melt reduction apparatus of FIG. 1 having the specifications shown in Table 2 as a raw material at a rate of 5 kg / min to carry out a fluidized-bed reduction operation.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
The flue gas used in this experiment was 64%, H 2 : 2%, CO 2 : 18%, N 2 : 16% and used for the adsorption of CO 2 in the converter flue gas. CO 2 absorption solution was used to maintain an aqueous solution containing about 25-30%) at about 40 ° C.
TABLE 3
Under the above conditions, it was possible to discharge from the second fluidized bed within 60 minutes after the start of operation, and the discharged iron ore had a carbon content of 10-15% and a degree of metallization of 25-35%. Carbon-coated iron ore was confirmed to be completely reduced to iron without sticking.
As described above, according to the present invention, the iron ore carbon coating operation is performed in two stages, while maintaining the bubble flow in the first fluidized bed furnace 20 and the second fluidized bed furnace 30, respectively, to obtain uniform carbon coated iron ore by preheating and carbon coating. It can utilize all the fine iron ore of less than 1mm, maximize the gas utilization rate, and use the waste gas from the exhaust gas to preheat the converter flue gas.
In particular, only CO 2 can be removed to increase the added value and reduce the amount of gas released by the carbon deposition reaction, and the precipitated carbon completely covers the spectroscopic surface to prevent sticking. Fuel can be saved as carbon is eventually charged into the furnace.
In view of these aspects, the present invention is more economical in terms of efficiency and energy saving than simple addition of oxides or carbonates such as Ca and Mg, which are known from US Pat. No. 3,615,352 (October 26, 1971). Can be.
权利要求:
Claims (11)
[1" claim-type="Currently amended] In the melt reduction method using a melt reduction apparatus comprising a preliminary reduction furnace for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction furnace for recovering iron by dissolving pre-reduced reduced iron,
Drying and preheating the fine iron ore charged from the hopper while forming a bubble flow layer by exhaust gas flowing downward from the first flow layer 20;
Heating the exhaust gas of the first fluidized bed furnace 20 with the exhaust gas heater 2 to preheat the converter exhaust gas from which the CO 2 is removed by being supplied from the converter exhaust gas supply device 1 by the heated exhaust gas;
The preheated converter exhaust gas from which the CO 2 has been removed is introduced into the lower side of the second fluidized bed furnace 30 to form a bubble fluidized bed through which the surface of the dried, preheated fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed furnace 20 is formed. Carbon coating; And
Supplying the coated fine iron ore to the existing preliminary reduction reactor and circulating the exhaust gas generated after the coating reaction in the second fluidized bed furnace 30 to the lower side of the first fluidized bed furnace 20; Melt reduction method of fine iron ore using converter exhaust gas, characterized in that comprises a
[2" claim-type="Currently amended] According to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the flue-gas flowing in the lower side of the first and second fluidized bed furnace (20, 30) is 1.5-3.0 times the minimum fluidization rate of fine iron ore staying in each fluidized bed furnace, the top of the fluidized bed furnace The flue-gas flow rate of is below the terminal velocity of fine iron ore
[3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the preheating converter exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is performed at 2-5 atmospheres.
[4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the converter flue gas supplied to the second fluidized bed 30 is preheated in a temperature range of 500-700 ° C.
[5" claim-type="Currently amended] The pressure drop in the first fluidized bed furnace 20 is 0.3-0.6 atm, the temperature drop in the furnace is 30-80 ° C., and the residence time of fine iron ore is 20-40 minutes. Way
[6" claim-type="Currently amended] The pressure drop of the second fluidized bed furnace 30 is 0.3-0.6 atm, the temperature drop in the furnace is 30-80 ° C., and the residence time of fine iron ore is 20-40 minutes. Way.
[7" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fine iron ore has a particle size of 1 mm or less.
[8" claim-type="Currently amended] In the melt reduction apparatus comprising a preliminary reduction path for reducing iron ore and a molten reduction path for recovering iron by dissolving the pre-reduced reduced iron,
A first fluidized bed furnace 20 for drying and preheating the fine iron ore supplied from the hopper 10 while forming a bubble fluidized bed by exhaust gas introduced therefrom;
A first cyclone 40 for collecting the fine iron ore contained in the flue gas generated in the first fluidized bed furnace 20 and recycling it to one lower side of the first fluidized bed furnace 20;
A second fluidized bed furnace which coats the surface of the fine iron ore supplied from the first fluidized bed furnace 20 in the bubble flow state by the converter exhaust gas introduced from the lower part thereof and supplies the coated fine iron ore to the existing preliminary reduction reactor. 30;
The fine iron ore collected by collecting the fine iron ore contained in the exhaust gas discharged after the coating reaction is recycled to one side of the lower side of the second fluidized bed 30 and the exhaust gas is supplied to the lower part of the first fluidized bed 20. A second cyclone 50;
A converter exhaust gas supply device (1) for supplying converter exhaust gas to the lower portion of the second fluidized bed furnace (30);
Flue iron ore melt reduction device using a converter flue gas characterized in that it comprises ;; exhaust gas preheating device for preheating the flue gas discharged from the first cyclone 40
[9" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 8, wherein the converter exhaust gas supply device 1,
A converter exhaust gas pressurizer 80 which pressurizes and converts the converter exhaust gas supplied from the electric furnace; Apparatus characterized in that it comprises an absorption tower 70 for adsorption and removal of the CO 2 gas in the converter exhaust gas from the converter exhaust gas pressurizer 80
[10" claim-type="Currently amended] 10. The exhaust gas preheater 2 according to claim 9,
A cooler 90 for cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the first cyclone 40; A bag filter 10 for filtering and cooling the cooled exhaust gas and recycling the filtered fine iron ore to the first fluidized bed furnace 20; A burner is mounted therein to burn the clean exhaust gas with the air blown from the air pressurizer 110 to remove CO 2 from the absorption tower 70 to preheat the converter exhaust gas supplied to the second fluidized bed furnace 30. And a heat exchanger (60) for discharging the exhaust gas after preheating to the flare stack (130).
[11" claim-type="Currently amended] 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein each of the first and second fluidized bed passages 20 and 30 has a lower height of 7-12 times the lower inner diameter and an upper height of 2-4 times the upper inner diameter.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
KR100286655B1|2001-05-02|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
法律状态:
1996-12-24|Application filed by 김종진, 포항종합제철 주식회사, 신창식, 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원
1996-12-24|Priority to KR1019960071529A
1998-09-25|Publication of KR19980052522A
2001-05-02|Application granted
2001-05-02|Publication of KR100286655B1
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
KR1019960071529A|KR100286655B1|1996-12-24|1996-12-24|Smelting reduction process of fine iron ore using ladle gas and apparatus used in the method|
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